The recent advancements in quantum computing have sparked concerns about the potential risks to blockchain networks. Experts suggest that XRP's architecture may be better equipped to withstand these threats than Bitcoin's. XRP operates on the XRP Ledger, an open-source, decentralized blockchain that facilitates cross-border transactions through Ripple, a fintech company. A key factor in this assessment is the exposure of public keys, which can be exploited by a sufficiently powerful quantum computer using Shor's algorithm, potentially draining funds.
However, the XRP Ledger has a feature that allows for the rotation of signing keys without moving funds, providing an additional layer of security. Furthermore, the escrow feature with time locks offers protection based on logic rather than cryptography. In contrast, Bitcoin's blockchain lacks a key rotation feature, leaving holders more vulnerable to quantum attacks.
Approximately 6.9 million BTC are estimated to be vulnerable, which is nearly 35% of Bitcoin's circulating supply, whereas only about 0.03% of XRP's circulating supply is at risk. While both cryptocurrencies face theoretical risks, the structural differences and features of the XRP Ledger may provide XRP with an advantage in terms of quantum resistance.